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- The attacker, dubbed “Codefinger”, obtains valid AWS keys with read and write permissions to S3 buckets.
- The attacker utilizes the Server-Side Encryption with Customer Provided Keys (SSE-C) feature.
- They encrypt the bucket’s data using their own AES-256 key, which is not stored by AWS.
- Only an HMAC of the key is logged in AWS CloudTrail, insufficient for data recovery.
- The attacker sets a 7-day lifecycle policy to delete the files, increasing pressure on the victim.
- Compromise a privileged account within the victim tenant (e.g., Global Administrator or Security Administrator).
- Establish inbound synchronization from an attacker-controlled tenant to the victim tenant.
- Provision malicious accounts within the victim tenant as needed.
- Maintain persistence and potentially move laterally across connected tenants.