Name:
Double-Tap Campaign by UAC-0063
TTP:
T1059.005 Command and Scripting Interpreter: Visual Basic, T1566.001 Phishing: Spearphishing Attachment, T1218.005 System Binary Proxy Execution: Mshta
Hypothesis:
The threat actor is conducting a spearphishing campaign to deliver malicious attachments, maintain persistence, and establish command and control.
Campaign Type:
Data Driven
Data Sources:
- Microsoft Windows Security Event Logs
- Sysmon Logs
- Network Share Logs
Tools:
- Network Share Analysis Tools
- Powershell
- Mimikatz
- Empire
- CobaltStrike
- Rubeus
Scenario:
- Initial Access: Attacker sends a spearphishing email with a malicious attachment.
- Execution: The victim opens the attachment, which executes malicious code.
- Defense Evasion: The malware uses various techniques to evade detection.
- Persistence: The malware establishes persistence on the victim’s machine.
- Command and Control: The malware communicates with a command and control server.
- Lateral Movement: The attacker moves laterally through the network to other machines.
- Exfiltration: The attacker exfiltrates sensitive data from the network.
Hunting Strategy:
- Analyze Windows Security Event Logs and Sysmon logs for suspicious process creation events, looking for unusual command line parameters or parent-child process relationships.
- Correlate process creation events with network share logs to identify any unusual file transfers or access patterns.
- Investigate any outliers or suspicious events further, looking for indicators of compromise (IOCs) or other suspicious activity.
- Validate potential threats by analyzing additional data sources, such as network traffic logs or endpoint security logs.
- Remediate threats by isolating affected machines, removing malware, and patching vulnerabilities.
- Report findings and recommendations to improve security controls and prevent future attacks.
False Positive Consideration:
- Legitimate system administration activity.
- Software updates or installations.
- User activity involving unusual but benign applications or scripts.
Recommendations:
- Implement robust email filtering and anti-malware solutions to prevent malicious attachments from reaching users.
- Educate users about the risks of spearphishing and how to identify suspicious emails.
- Monitor network share activity for unusual access patterns or file transfers.
- Implement strong endpoint security controls to prevent malware execution and persistence.
- Regularly review and update security policies and procedures to address emerging threats.
D3 Diagram:
### D3 Diagram (Spearphishing Link)
**T1566.002 - Phishing: Spearphishing Link** [Implementation of T1566 - Phishing]
**Implementations**
1. Malicious link delivered via email [cite: 6]
2. Malicious link shared through a social media post [cite: 6]
3. Malicious link sent via an SMS message [cite: 6]
4. Malicious link shared through a messaging application [cite: 6]
5. Malicious link embedded in a malicious document or file [cite: 6]
6. Malicious link hosted on a compromised website [cite: 6]
7. Malicious link delivered through a watering hole attack [cite: 6]
**Observables**
| Observable | Value | Robustness Level | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|
| Email Subject | Varies | Level 1: Ephemeral Values [cite: 1612] | Easily modified by the attacker |
| Email Sender | Varies | Level 1: Ephemeral Values [cite: 1612] | Easily spoofed or modified |
| Link URL | Varies | Level 2: Core to Adversary-Brought Tool or Outside Boundary [cite: 1613] | Specific to the attacker's infrastructure but can be changed |
| Link Content | Varies | Level 1: Ephemeral Values [cite: 1612] | Easily modified by the attacker |
| Social Media Post Title | Varies | Level 1: Ephemeral Values [cite: 1612] | Easily modified by the attacker |
| Social Media Post Author | Varies | Level 2: Core to Adversary-Brought Tool or Outside Boundary [cite: 1613] | Specific to the attacker's account but can be changed |
| SMS Message Sender | Varies | Level 1: Ephemeral Values [cite: 1612] | Easily spoofed or modified |
| Document/File Content | Varies | Level 2: Core to Adversary-Brought Tool or Outside Boundary [cite: 1613] | Specific to the attacker's tools but can be modified |
| Website Content | Varies | Level 2: Core to Adversary-Brought Tool or Outside Boundary [cite: 1613] | Specific to the compromised website but can be changed |
**Scoring Notes**
* Observables related to the delivery mechanism (email, social media, SMS) are generally ephemeral as the attacker can easily modify them.
* The content of the link itself is also ephemeral.
* The presence of a malicious link, regardless of the specific URL, is core to the technique but may not be observable depending on the data sources available.
* The specific URL of the malicious link is specific to the attacker's infrastructure but can be changed, placing it at Level 2.
* For some implementations, such as embedding the link in a malicious document or hosting it on a compromised website, the content of the document or website may be more robust, potentially reaching Level 3 or 4 if it contains specific attacker tools or infrastructure.